(Phytochemicals in) Foods to Prevent and Treat diseases - Thyroid disorders

Thyroid disorders are defined as a condition of anbnomal of thyroid function in production of thyroid hormones (Hyperthyroidsm, if over produced and hypothyroidism if under produced).

Types of food to prevent and treat thyroid disorders
1. Skin and seed of grape
In the study of resveratrol, the main ingredient found in skin and seed of grape and its impact on aging and thyroid function, showed that resveratrol is believed to regulate several biological processes, mainly metabolism and aging, by modulating the mammalian silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) of the sirtuin family. Resveratrol may arrest, among various tumors, cell growth in both papillary and follicular thyroid cancer by activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway as well as increase of p53 and its phosphorylation. Finally, resveratrol also influences thyroid function by enhancing iodide trapping and, by increasing TSH secretion via activation of sirtuins and the phosphatidylinositol- 4-phosphate 5 kinase γ (PIP5Kγ) pathway, positively affects metabolism(1)

2. Green tea
In the comparison of the efficacy of polyphenolic flavonoids found in black and green tea in thyroid function, showed that green tea extract at 2.5 g% and 5.0 g% doses and black tea extract only at 5.0 g% dose have the potential to alter the thyroid gland physiology and architecture, that is, enlargement of thyroid gland as well as hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia of the thyroid follicles and inhibition of the activity of thyroid peroxidase and 5(')-deiodinase I with elevated thyroidal Na+, K+-ATPase activity along with significant decrease in serum T3 and T4, and a parallel increase in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)(2)

3. Soy and seaweed
In the study to evaluate the relevant literature and provide the clinician guidance for advising their patients about the effects of soy on thyroid function, showed that soy foods, by inhibiting absorption, may increase the dose of thyroid hormone required by hypothyroid patients. However, hypothyroid adults need not avoid soy foods. In addition, there remains a theoretical concern based on in vitro and animal data that in individuals with compromised thyroid function and/or whose iodine intake is marginal soy foods may increase risk of developing clinical hypothyroidism(3). Others suggested that Seaweed ingestion increased I/C concentrations (P < .0001) and serum TSH (P < .0001) (1.69 +/- 0.22 vs. 2.19 +/- 0.22 microU/mL, mean +/- SE). Soy supplementation did not affect thyroid end points. Seven weeks of 5 g/day seaweed supplementation was associated with a small but statistically significant increase in TSH. Soy protein isolate supplementation was not associated with changes in serum thyroid hormone concentrations(4).

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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21946130
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20801949
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16571087
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17472472