(Phytochemicaks in) Foods to prevent and treat Dementia

Dementia About 5-8% of all people over the age of 65 have some form of dementia, and this number doubles every five years above that age. Dementia is the loss of mental ability that is severe enough to interfere with people's every life and Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia in aging people.

Types of food to prevent and treat dementia
1.  Apple and Capers
Quercetin is a member of flavonoids, found abundantly in Apple, Capers, etc. It is also one of antioxidants with property of protecting our body in fighting against forming of free radicals cause of mutation of cells`DNA. In the review focused on the new developments in oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration, showed that quercetin, an antioxidant compound in hypoxia and ischemia induced neuroprotection in relation to suppression of oxidative stress, improvement in behavioral function, reduction in infarct volume, brain swelling, and cellular injury in both in vivo and in vitro models are discussed. Our new findings clearly suggest that antioxidant compounds have potential role in therapeutic strategies to treat neurodegenerative diseases in clinical settings(1).

2. Green tea
Green tea contains more amount of antioxidants than any drinks or food with the same volume, and is the leaves of Camellia sinensis, undergone minimal oxidation during processing, originated from China. Green tea has been a precious drink in traditional Chinese culture and used exceptional in socialization for more than 4000 thousand years. Because of their health benefits, they have been cultivated for commercial purposes all over the world. Some researchers suggested that the catechin polyphenols constituents of green tea, which were for long time regarded merely as dietary antioxidants, have caught our and other scientist's attention because of their diverse pharmacological activities, which have been allied to a possible beneficial action on brain health. This review will elaborate on the impact of nutritional supplementation on brain function in general, and provide a compilation of the most updated literature on epidemiology, clinical and animal studies with green tea polyphenols in ageassociated cognitive decline and in fighting neurodegenerative diseases(2).

3. Olives
The Mediterranean diet appears to be associated with a reduced risk of several chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular and Alzheimer's disease. In the study of A Review: Factors influencing phenolic compounds in table olives (Olea europaea), researchers found that here are numerous factors that can affect the phenolics in table olives including: the cultivar, degree of ripening and importantly the methods used for curing and processing table olives. The predominant phenolic compound found in fresh olive is the bitter secoiridoid, oleuropein. Table olive processing decreases levels of oleuropein with concomitant increases in the hydrolysis products hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. Many of the health benefits reported for olives are thought to be associated with the levels of hydroxytyrosol(3).

4. Broccoli, Carrot, tomato
Brocoli contains measurable amount of vitamin A, E and  coenzyme Q10 and tomato and carrot contain high amounts of vitamin  lycopene and β-carotene, respectivly. In the study to evaluate the serum levels of antioxidants in persons with mild dementia to test whether it is associated with lower levels of antioxidants in a cross-sectional study in the population of the "Activity and Function in the Ederly in Ulm" (ActiFE) study. Main exposure measures were vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene, lycopene, and coenzyme Q10 as analyzed by HPLC, indicated that that blood vitamin C and β-carotene concentrations were significantly lower in demented than in control persons even after adjusting for school education, intake of dietary supplements, smoking habits, body mass index, and alcohol consumption (3rd versus 1st tertile: OR: 0.29, 95% CI, 0.09-0.96 and 0.13, 95% CI, 0.03-0.55, respectively). No associations were found for vitamin E, lycopene, and coenzyme Q10. Our findings suggest an association of vitamin C and β-carotene with dementia(4).

5. Etc.

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Sources
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22748828
(2) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22742421
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720792
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22710913